math

Numeric functions and constants for scientific and general-purpose computation.

Import

import math

Constants

math.PI / math.pi - pi (3.14159...)
math.E / math.e - Euler's number
math.TAU / math.tau - 2 * pi
math.INF / math.inf - positive infinity
math.NAN / math.nan - not-a-number

Functions

Trigonometry

sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2(y, x), sinh, cosh, tanh, asinh, acosh, atanh - standard trig and hyperbolic functions.

Exponents and logarithms

sqrt(x), cbrt(x), exp(x), expm1(x), log(x), log2(x), log10(x), log1p(x)

Rounding

floor(x), ceil(x), round(x), trunc(x)

Utility

• abs(x) - absolute value
• pow(x, y) - x raised to y
• hypot(x, y) - Euclidean distance
• gcd(a, b) - greatest common divisor
• lcm(a, b) - least common multiple
• factorial(n) - n!
• clamp(x, lo, hi) - clamp x to [lo, hi]
• lerp(a, b, t) - linear interpolation
• sign(x) - -1, 0, or 1
• degrees(r) / radians(d) - angle conversion
• fmod(x, y) - floating-point remainder
• modf(x) - integer and fractional parts
• copysign(x, y) - x with sign of y
• isclose(a, b) - approximate equality
• frexp(x) / ldexp(m, e) - mantissa/exponent split and compose
• comb(n, k) - n choose k
• perm(n, k) - n permute k

Predicates

is_nan(x) - true if x is NaN
is_inf(x) - true if x is infinite

Aggregate

prod(arr), sum(arr), min(arr), max(arr), mean(arr) - operate on arrays.

Special functions

erf(x), erfc(x), gamma(x), lgamma(x)

Examples

import math

println(math.sqrt(16))           -- 4.0
println(math.gcd(12, 8))         -- 4
println(math.factorial(5))       -- 120
println(math.clamp(15, 0, 10))   -- 10.0
println(math.sign(-5))           -- -1
println(math.degrees(math.PI))   -- 180.0
println(math.lerp(0, 100, 0.5))  -- 50.0
println(math.hypot(3, 4))        -- 5.0
println(math.is_nan(math.NAN))   -- true